Uttarakhand Short Introduction
Uttarakhand is India’s 27th and 11th state of the Himalayan northern state. It is often referred to as the Devabhumi means the Land of the Gods. In Hindi and Sanskrit, Uttarakhand means parts of the northern region. On 9th November 2000, Uttarakhand Separating from Uttar Pradesh became the 27th state of the Republic of India after several years of movements. From 2000 to 2006 it was known as Uttaranchal but after 1 January 2007, the official name of the state was changed to Uttarakhand. The interim capital is Dehradun, which is the largest city of the state in terms of area. Gairsain has been proposed as a future capital because of its geographical location. The state’s high court is in Nainital.
It has divided into two divisions Garhwal and Kumaon with 13 districts. In traditional Hindu literature, Kumaon was known as Manaskhand and Garhwal was Kedarkkhand. Uttarakhand international boundaries are in Tibet in the north and Nepal in the east and Himachal Pradesh in the west and Uttar Pradesh in the south is its state boundaries. The total area of the state is 53,483 square kilometers and the total population of Uttarakhand is 1,00,86,349 (according to Census 2011), which is making it the 20th most populous state in India.
Geography of Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand is India’s 18th state according to area, The total area of Uttarakhand state is 53,483 square kilometers, which is approx 1.69% of the total area of the country. The state’s 86.07% of total area (46035 sq km) is mountainous and 13.93% (7448 sq km) is plain.
Uttarakhand’s expansion on the globe is located between 28º43 ‘to 31º27’ in North latitude and 77º34 ‘to 81º02’ in East Longitude, state latitude and longitude expansion of respectively 2º44 ‘and 3º28.Its shape is almost rectangular, and the length from east to west of the state is 385 kilometers and its width from north to south is 320 kilometers.
Uttarakhand is situated on the southern slope of the Himalayan range and there is a lot of change in weather and vegetation with elevation, with glaciers at the highest elevations and subtropical forests at lower places. The highest rises are covered with snow and stones. Below them, there is grassland from 5,000 to 3,000 meters.There are temperate west Himalayan broadleaf forests at an altitude of 3,000 to 2,600 meters, which lie in a belt from 2,600 to 1,500 metres elevation. Below 1,500 meters are Himalayan subtropical pine forests. Most of the lowlands have been cleared for cultivation, It is known as Bhabhar in local areas.
The state has Nepal in the east, Himachal Pradesh in the west, Himalayas and Tibet in the north and Uttar Pradesh in the south. State 3 districts from Pithoragarh, Champawat and Udhamsingh Nagar touch with Nepal and 3 districts of Pithoragarh, Chamoli and Uttarkashi touch with Tibet (China) International border and 5 districts Udham Singh Nagar, Nainital, Dehradun, Pauri Garhwal and Haridwar from Uttar Pradesh and 2 districts Dehradun and Uttarkashi Himachal Pradesh Let’s touch the limit. Almora, Rudraprayag, Bageshwar, Tehri, is the Only 4 districts do not touch the border of any state and country. Pithoragarh is the district with the longest international border.